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Original Article
The Effect of Postnatal Dexamethasone Treatment on Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats
Chang Ro Park, Kyung Pil Park, Heng Mi Kim, Yoon Kyung Sohn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):989-995.   Published online October 15, 2003
Purpose : Dexamethasone is frequently administered to prevent or treat chronic lung disease in human neonates who are also prone to hypoxic-ischemic(HI) insults. Recently, meta-analysis of the follow-up studies reveals a significantly increased odd ratio for the occurrence of cerebral palsy or an abnormal neurologic outcome, and there is conflicting evidence regarding the impact of dexamethasone exposure on HI brain...
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Twin Pregnancies after in vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Kyung-Ah Kim, Uoo-Gyung Min, Jae-Woo Lim, Nu-Lee Jun, Hye-Sung Won, Chung-Hoon Kim, Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, Pil-Ryang Lee, In-Sik Lee, Ki-Soo Kim, Ahm Kim, Soo-Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):224-229.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : To examine various neonatal outcomes and perinatal factors resulting from assisted reproduction compared to that of spontaneous conception. Methods : This is a retrospective study. The control cases were all twins of spontaneous conception born between periods from January 1995 to June 2000. The study cases were identified from twins conceived by assisted reproduction in the same time peried....
Case Report
A Case of Neonatal Tetanus Cured with Neuromuscular Blocking Agent and Ventilatory Support
Hyeon Joo Lee, Ji Young Jeong, Sa Jun Jung, Yong Mook Choi, Chong Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):192-194.   Published online February 15, 2003
A neonate born at 38 gestational weeks was admitted due to generalized tonic-clonic seizure and cyanosis. The neonate was born six days previously at home through normal delivery and the umbilical cord was cut using scissors sterilized in boiling water. The neonate weighed 3,180 g at admission. Physical examination revealed cyanosis, opisthotonus, trismus and reactive muscle spasms. Laboratory exam, brain...
Original Article
Diagnostic Significance of Neonatal Electroencephalography
Byeong Eui Kim, Heung Dong Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):137-142.   Published online February 15, 2003
Purpose : This study was performed to determine the sensitivity of neonatal electroencephalography (EEG) in detecting underlying brain disease, to compare the sensitivity and specificity of EEG with those of brain ultrasonography and to determine the prognostic value of EEG for neonatal neurologic diseases. Methods : Eighty-seven newborn babies were subjected to a electroencephalographic examination for the evaluation of underlying...
Case Report
A Case of Neonatal Atrial Flutter Treated by Propafenone after Fetal Echocardiographic Diagnosis
Kyung Hwa Lee, Chang Woo Ha, Chul Ho Kim, Min Seob Song, Moon Su Sung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(7):928-932.   Published online July 15, 2002
Perinatal atrial flutter is a potentially lethal arrhythmia. Management of this disorder is difficult and controversial. Fetal atrial flutter is a serious and life threatening rhythm disorder particulary when it causes hydrops; it may be associated with fetal death or neurological damage. Although the initial episode of flutter may be difficult to control, recurrence of atrial flutter after successful resolution...
Original Article
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Candida Sepsis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Ic Sun Choi, Suk Hwan Lim, Chang Yee Cho, Young Youn Choi, Tai Ju Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(7):836-846.   Published online July 15, 2002
Purpose : With the development of neonatal intensive care and the increased use of systemic antibiotics, candida sepsis has become one of the most important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and its associated risk factors. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 28 cases with candida sepsis who...
Case Report
A Case of Incontinentia Pigmenti with Developmental Brain Malformation
Suk Ho Kang, Soon Kim, Seung Hee Jung, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(4):535-539.   Published online April 15, 2002
Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by vesiculobullous skin disease in neonates and infants, a noninfectious disease that should be distinguished from infectious diseases with the neonatal seizure or encephalopathy. This disease is X-linked dominant with Xq28 region abnormalities and often associated with developmental defects of the ocular, skeletal, dental, and central nervous system. Central nervous system involvement...
Original Article
Therapeutic Effect of Different Doses of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor(rhG-CSF) on Neonatal Sepsis Complicated by Neutropenia
Moon Young Choi, Yeon Sook Jung, Dong Woo Son, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(4):439-448.   Published online April 15, 2002
Purpose : The aim of this study is to determine and compare the effects of adjunctive therapy with different doses of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(rhG-CSF) on reversing sepsis-associated neonatal neutropenia, and their survival rate in a group I/II-type trial. Methods : RhG-CSF was injected subcutaneously to 10 septic-neutropenic neonates with doses of 10 μg/kg from Oct. 1995 to Sep. 1996,...
A Nationwide Survey on the Causative Organisms of Neonatal Sepsis in Korea
Kyung Ah Kim, Son Moon Shin, Jung Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):55-63.   Published online January 15, 2002
Purpose : A nationwide survey was conducted to investigate the most common causative organisms in neonatal sepsis in Korea. Methods : By reviewing medical records of newborn infants who were confirmed as neonatal sepsis by isolating organisms from blood culture during a one year study period from January to December in 1997, data for causative organisms, risk factors, accompanying focal infections and combinations of antibiotics...
Case Report
A Case of Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia Related to HLA Antibody
Mi Seon Lee, Hyeon-Soo Lee, Hyun Ok Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(12):1454-1458.   Published online December 15, 2001
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia(NAIT) is a very rare disease caused by maternal alloantibodies` response to neonatal platelet antigens. Because the most common cause of NAIT is incompatibility for platelet-specific antigens, NAIT cases due to anti-HLA antibodies are very exceptional. The patient was a second born female. She had no petechia or purpura at birth. But her platelet count was 55,000/mm3 and...
Original Article
The Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Cultured Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes
Su Jin Kim, Dong Seok Lee, Ok Ko, Il Soo Mun, Bok Hyun Ko, Yong Wook Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(11):1262-1268.   Published online November 15, 2001
Purpose : Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Serum levels of TNF-α are elevated in many human cardiac related pathogenic conditions, including heart failure. It is well known that TNF-α inhibits myocardial contractility and induces apoptosis of adult rat cardiomyocytes via stimulation of TNF receptor 1. But pathophysiologically relevant...
Case Report
A Case of Neonatal Urinary Ascites due to Bladder Perforation Treated with Urinary Drainage
Heng-Mi Kim, Su-Hee Kwak, Sung-Kwang Jung, Sang-Kwon Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):948-953.   Published online August 15, 2001
Urinary ascites in newborns is a rare event that usually is associated with posterior urethral valves and other obstructing anomalies of the genitourinary tract. A case of neonatal urinary ascites without genitourinary tract abnormalities is reported. This premature male neonate was treated by artificial ventilation due to respiratory distress syndrome. The umbilical artery catheter was placed without difficulties and functioned...
Original Article
Effect of Parenteral Nutrition Guideline Changes on Neonatal Sepsis in Premature Infants
Chang-Ryul Kim, Jae-Won Oh, Myung-Kul Yum, Soo-Jee Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(6):620-626.   Published online June 15, 2001
Purpose : We hypothesized that decreased parenteral nutrition would lower the incidence of neonatal sepsis in premature infants. Methods : The study involves 223 premature infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Hanyang University Kuri Hospital from July 1995 to January 1999. Infants were divided into two groups based on different parenteral nutrition guidelines : Old...
Effect of Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor in Neonatal Infection
Il-Young Jo, Sang-Hyun Byun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1552-1557.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Neutrophils are central to the defences against bacterial infection, and in neonates the number of neutrophils are decreased due to inhibited production and phagocytic function. This induces high mortality rates in infants suffering from neonatal sepsis. Exogenous GM-CSF can increase the number of neutrophils and improve the phagocytic function. To establish the most cost effective dose of exogenous...
Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis in Premature Infants Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Chang-Ryul Kim, Jae-Won Oh, Myung-Kul Yum, Soo-Jee Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1174-1179.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to find out the risk factors of sepsis except the prematurity itself. Methods : Seventy-seven premature infants less than 37 weeks of gestation, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Hanyang University Kuri Hospital between July 1995 and December 1996, were enrolled in this study. All 77 premature infants, 14...
Neonatal Systemic Candidiasis : Comparison of Albicans and Parapsilosis Infection
Jung Mie Han, Ho Young Lee, Mi Jeong Kang, Sun Young Ko, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1052-1058.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : Systemic Candidiasis has become an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality in NICU infants. Severe infections caused by non-albicans Candida species have been increasingly reported in NICU infants. The purpose of the present study was to compare relative severity, mortality rates for C. albicans(CA) and C. parapsilosis(CP) infections in our NICU. Methods : This study included 16 infants...
Case Report
A Case of Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia due to Anti-HLA A2
Sung Young Kim, Eun Ryoung Kim, Young Jin Kim, Myoung Hee Park, Eun Young Song, Kyou Sup Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(6):861-865.   Published online June 15, 2000
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia(NAIT) is a rare disease caused by maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelet surface antigen, which is mainly platelet specific alloantigen or human leukocyte antigen(HLA). During routine hemotology, we accidentally discovered thrombocytopenia in a female fullterm newborn admitted due to jaundice. We excluded NAIT due to human platelet alloantigen(HPA), because the HPA of the mother and baby were the...
Original Article
Factors Related to the Outcome of Neonatal Seizures
Sung Koo Kim, Ran Lee, In Kyu Lee, Ki Joong Kim, Young Seung Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(2):267-273.   Published online February 15, 2000
Purpose : Seizures during the neonatal period may be an important indicator of serious neurologic abnormalities and can cause permanent neurologic sequelae. We attempted to find and analyze the factors related to the outcome of neonatal seizures. Methods : Seventy-six newborns with seizure were reviewed. The outcomes were analyzed according to etiologic diseases, gestational ages, characteristics of seizure, and neuroimaging and...
Clinical and Molecular-epidemiologic Analysis of A Nosocomial Outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Hye Kyung Lee, Han Jin Kim, Young Chang Kim, Sung Ran Cho, Hwi Jun Kim, Wee Gyo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(1):43-48.   Published online January 15, 2000
Purpose : Acinetobacter species are aerobic gram-negative rods that can be widely found in nature and are a part of the normal flora of humans. The most clinical isolates of A. baumannii reflect infection rather than colonization. Recent reports suggest that the organisms cause serious and often fetal nosocomial infection such as ventilator-associated pneumonia. Methods : From March to September 1998, we experienced thirty...
The Prognosis and Factors of Neonatal Thyroid Dysfunction
Yun Yee Kim, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Ki Bok Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(1):23-33.   Published online January 15, 2000
Purpose : The function of the neonatal thyroid is affected transiently or consistently by various maternal thyroid diseases, neonatal diseases, drugs, and more as well as thyroid dysgenesis. In this study, we analyzed several factors of neonatal thyroid dysfunction through neonatal screening test and investigated the prognosis. Methods : From January 1992 to July 1997, we reviewed 66 newborn patients, who showed abnormal thyroid function...
Re-Evaluation of Neonatal Screening Tests for Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Dried Filter Paper Blood Spots
Kye Shik Shim, Jin Soon Hwang, Jung Sub Lim, Se Young Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang, Jung Hwan Choi, Chong Ku Yun, Jung-Han Song
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(12):1639-1644.   Published online December 15, 1999
Purpose : There have been high rates of false positive and recall in neonatal screening test using the cut-off points set by the manufacturing company. So, it is necessary to re-evaluate the cut off values to minimize the false positive rates. Methods : We collected capillary blood in dry filter paper from 996 healthy neonates on the third day in cases...
Therapeutic Effect of Nimodipine in Neonatal Rat Model of Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia
Ihn-Hee Hong, Heng-Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1552-1558.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Recent studies suggest that nimodipine, a potent calcium-channel blocker, may improve neurological outcome after experimental hypoxia-ischemic brain injury. This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of nimodipine on hypoxia-ischemia in immature rat brain. Methods : Seven-day postnatal rats were subjected to hypoxia-ischemia by unilateral common carotid artery occlusion combined with 2 hours of hypoxia(in 8% oxygen...
The Protective Effect of Vitamin E and Desferrioxamine on Cultured Cerebral Neurons of Neonatal Mouse Damaged by Ischemic Condition
So-ra Lee, Yeon-kyun Oh, Seung-taek Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1426-1433.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : Perinatal asphyxia is an important cause of neurologic morbidity. Experiments in animal models of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury demonstrate that brain damage starts during hypoxia-ischemia. In order to evaluate the ischemic condition-induced neurotoxic effect in view of oxi- dative stress, we examined the cytotoxic effect in cultured cerebral neurons of neonatal mouse. Methods : Dissociated cell cultures were prepared...
The Effects of Glutamate Receptor Antagonists on Cultured Cerebral Cortical Neurons of Neonatal Mouse Damaged by Oxidative Stress
Dae-ho Choi, Yeon-kyun Oh, Seung-taek Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1096-1103.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : To evaluate neurotoxic effects induced by oxygen-radicals, which were generated by adding xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX), and protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist such as MK-801 and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline(CNQX). Methods : Dissociated cell cultures were prepared from cerebrum of neonatal mouse. Tissues were dissected and diced into small pieces in phosphate buffered saline and were incubated at 37℃. Isolated cells...
Case Report
A Case of Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis
Young Ju Shin, Ruey Tsai Wang, Il Hwan Kim, Kyung Burm Kim, Young Kyoo Shin, Baik Lin Eun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(6):879-882.   Published online June 15, 1999
Transient neonatal pustular melanosis(TNPM) is a benign, self-limited, cutaneous disorder of unknown etiology. Significant physical findings are limited to the skin. Hematologic and serological tests are normal. Cultures of blood and pustule are negative. Biopsy specimens from pustules show a intracorneal or subcorneal separation containing neutrophils and also some eosinophils. TNPM produces only cutaneous lesions and requires no treatment. So...
A Case of Nonsyndromic Paucity of Interlobular Bile Ducts in Down Syndrome
Chun Hyuk Chang, Jun Ho Kim, Sun Ju Le, Dong Seok Lee, Doo Kwun Kim, Sung Min Choi, Woo Taek Kim, Tae Jung Jang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(6):858-862.   Published online June 15, 1999
The nonsyndromic paucity of interlobular bile ducts, which belongs to intrahepatic biliary atresia, is characterized by conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, suggesting cholestasis in newborn infants it has little relationship with extrahepatic congenital abnormalities. Pathologic findings through percutaneous liver biopsy show portal changes(duct paucity and fibrosis) and lobular changes(cholestasis, giant cell transformation, extramedullary hematopoiesis and perisinusoidal fibrosis). The overall incidence of intrahepatic biliary...
Original Article
Intralipid Infusions Effect on Nutrophil Elastase Level in Newborns
Sue Jeen Min, Yong Woon Baek, Yong Woon Baek, Yong Woon Baek
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(5):666-671.   Published online May 15, 1999
Purpose : Parenteral nutrition is given to infants who tempararily cannot take oral feeding adequately. A lipid emulsion is added to the parenteral to supply essential fatty acids. In neonatal sepsis, elastase from azuropilic granules of the neutrophils is released and rapidly bound to α1- Proteinase Inhibitor(α1-PI). The lipid emulsion has been noted to markedly inhibit chemotaxis of neutrophils, so...
Immunohistochemical Expression of c-fos Protein and Histologic Findings after Instillation of Kainic Acid in Hippocampus of Neonatal Rat Brain
Soo Ahn Chae, Yong Soo Kim, Byoung Hoon Yoo, Won Bok Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(4):553-560.   Published online April 15, 1999
Purpose : c-fos is rapidly and transiently induced in the intact CNS by a wide variety of exogenous stimuli that include seizures, glutamate receptor activation, sensory stimulation and stress. In adult animals, systemic KA administration produces limbic seizures that results in c-fos protein expression, irreversible morphological changes and localized neuronal death. So we studied the pattern of c-fos protein expression...
Clinical Efficiency of Cardiac Troponin T for Myocardial Damage in Neonatal Asphyxia
Nam Soo Kang, Jae Kyun Yoon, Chang Sung Son, Joo Won Lee, Young Chang Tokgo, Sang Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(2):195-202.   Published online February 15, 1999
Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in detecting myocardial damage in neonatal asphyxia and to compare the diagnostic value of cTnT with creatine kinase MB(CK-MB). Methods : Sixty-three neonates were enrolled in this study, consisting of 27 asphyxiated infants (asphyxiated group; 1-min or 5-min Apgar score≤6) and 36 healthy...
Clinical Effect and Complication of High Frequency Ventilation on Respiratory Failure
Man Hoe Hur, Yong Gook Kim, Ji Yun Baek, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(2):164-172.   Published online February 15, 1999
Purpose : Flow interruptor high frequency ventilator(HFV) on neonatal respiratory failure caused by various disorders has been applied in order to assess its therapeutic effect and safety. Methods : Premature babies below 1.8kg with respiratory failure from 1991 to 1997 in the Fatima neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) for 6 year and 4 months are included. Flow interruptor HFV with low...
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